The boom aerial refueling actuation system is a key system to achieve boom aerial refueling.On the basis of sorting out the main factors influencing the development of boom aerial refueling actuation system，the composition and technical characteristics of the boom aerial refueling actuation system of the main tanker in service are compared and analyzed，and the key technologies of the boom aerial refueling actuation system are refined.Finally，the development of boom aerial refueling actuation system is discussed from the aspects of actuation technology，control mode and system architecture，combined with the current situation of related technologies in China.