To accurately choose the air attack target and obtain the maximum fire effectiveness, an anti-aircraft weapons target selection strategy based on the Markov process is proposed, which is formulated by looking on the threat degree of the air attack target as the target function. First, the strategic matrix of firepower assignment is defined, then, the state transfer matrix in the target selection process and anticipant benefit function after firing a object are given. Finally the average benefit of anti-air warfare system is expressed by using the firepower assignment strategy. Using this method the objective can be selected instantaneously to adapt battlefield campaign position. Simultaneously an analysis and verification have been done through an example, the results show that this method is feasible and can satisfy the battlefield operational requirement.