A certain type of transport aircraft encountered gusts in flight and caused serious turbulence of the aircraft is introduced, and the autopilot parameters, engine parameters and aircraft longitudinal parameters during turbulence are analyzed. The results show that the response hysteresis of flight parameters such as altitude, indicated airspeed, angle of attack, pitch angle and normal overload is different when the aircraft encounters gust. At the same time, the relative lift (the ratio of the lift to the lift when the aircraft is flying steadily before bumping) and the vertical wind speed are calculated, and their extreme values are 0.25 m/s and -11.58m/s respectively in appearing when the aircraft is seriously bumped (the maximum normal overload increment is 0.52). The analysis results are only for reference to studying gust response and gust load mitigation of transport aircraft.