A novel fractal curve is proposed by using the Iterated Function System, and the expression of the similarity dimension is presented for the fractal curve. The one-order novel fractal curve is applied in the design of miniaturization of printed dipole, and then the miniaturized printed dipole is simulated and optimized by Anosft HFSS. The simulation results show that the length of novel fractal printed dipole is 81.5% smaller than that of a conventional printed dipole when the features of the radiation patterns are not changed. So the novel fractal curve is of an important research value in compact printed dipole field.