Because of aging, the structure state and mechanical property of HTPB composite solid propellant will change during the storage. These results have bad effects on the structural integrity of propellant grain and the service life of rocket motor. In view of this problem, many scholars have developed a large number of researches. In this paper, the related research progress in this field both at home and abroad are reviewed from analyses and experiments. The achievements and problems on the research are analyzed and reviewed emphatically. Direction, key point and the way of future research in this field are pointed out. Since HTPB propellant is regarded as a high polymer filled with a kind of solid stuffing, its structure state is closely related to mechanical property. The research on the correlation of its structure state and mechanical property from the chemical structure, network structure and is microscopic structure and etc. is of great benefit to revealing failure cause of chemistry-mechanics correlation of HTPB propellants.